Explore Flipsnack. Transform boring PDFs into engaging digital flipbooks. Share, engage, and track performance in the same platform.
From magazines to catalogs or private internal documents, you can make any page-flip publication look stunning with Flipsnack.
Check out examples from our customers. Digital magazines, zines, ebooks, booklets, flyers & more.
Pre-made templates to create stunning publications in minutes
Here are eight reasons why you should consider choosing interactive, digital flipbooks instead of boring and static PDFs. Check them out!
2 Over-lean running can occur at different speeds and loads. Joe Hanson recommends that if any device for making the mix leaner is fitted to the vehicle, then the following procedure should be carried out. Buy a “type K” thermocouple with a 3-inch stainless steel threaded shank, custom built by ThermX Southwest of San Diego. This temperature sensor can measure temperatures up to 1,800 degrees Fahrenheit (980 degrees Centigrade). Mount the thermocouple on the exhaust pipe by drilling and tapping the pipe close to the exhaust manifold, just next to the flange gasket. Take a cable from the thermocouple into the driver’s area and use a multimeter to show the temperature. Drive the vehicle long enough to reach normal running temperature and then drive at full speed on a highway. Note the temperature reading at this speed. When a leaner mix is used, make sure that the temperature reading under exactly the same conditions does not exceed 180 degrees Fahrenheit (100 degrees Centigrade) above the pre-modification temperature. David Andruczyk recommends an alternative method of avoiding engine damage through over-lean fuel/air mixtures, namely, replacing the narrowband oxygen sensor with a wideband sensor and controller. A wideband oxygen sensor reads a very wide range of Air/Fuel ratios, from about 9 to 1 through 28 to 1. A normal car engine can run from about 10 to 1 (very rich) to about 17.5 to 1 (pretty lean). Maximum engine power is developed at a mix ratio of about 12.5 to 1. Complete fuel combustion takes place with a mix of about 14.7 to 1, while the mix which gives minimum exhaust emissions is slightly leaner than that. Unlike narrowband sensors, wideband sensors need their own controller in order to function. There are many of these units being offered for sale for retro-fitting to existing vehicles which have just narrowband oxygen sensor systems. David’s personal recommendation is the Innovate Motorsports LC-1 which is small, and uses the very reasonably priced LSU-4 sensor. This wideband controller can be programmed. Most controllers have the ability to output two signals, the wideband signal suitable for running to a gauge or new ECU, plus a synthesised narrowband signal which can feed an existing ECU. The trick is to install a wideband sensor, with the LC-1 controller and then reprogram it to shift the narrowband output to achieve a leaner mix as shown here: Actual Air/Fuel Mix Wideband Output Original Narrowband Output Shifted Narrowband Output 9 to 1 9 to 1 Mix is too Rich Mix is too Rich 10 to 1 10 to 1 Mix is too Rich Mix is too Rich 11 to 1 11 to 1 Mix is too Rich Mix is too Rich 12 to 1 12 to 1 Mix is too Rich Mix is too Rich 13 to 1 13 to 1 Mix is too Rich Mix is too Rich 14 to 1 14 to 1 Mix is too Rich Mix is too Rich 14.6 to 1 14.6 to 1 Mix is too Rich Mix is too Rich 14.8 to 1 14.8 to 1 Mix is too Lean Mix is too Rich 15 to 1 15 to 1 Mix is too Lean Mix is too Rich 15.5 to 1 15.5 to 1 Mix is too Lean Mix is too Lean 16 to 1 16 to 1 Mix is too Lean Mix is too Lean 18 to 1 18 to 1 Mix is too Lean Mix is too Lean This system allows you to set the narrowband “toggle point” very precisely on an exact chosen air/fuel ratio. This is something which it is nearly impossible to do accurately with a circuit board which just shifts a narrowband oxygen signal as you just do not know what the air/fuel ratio really is with a narrowband sensor. However, for anyone who wants to try adding a circuit board to alter a narrowband sensor signal to produce a leaner mix on a vehicle, the following description may be of help. It is possible to buy a ready-made circuit board, although using a completely different operating technique, from the very reputable Eagle Research, via their website: http://www.eagle-research.com/products/pfuels.html where the relevant item is shown like this:
The cookies we use on Flipsnack's website help us provide a better experience for you, track how our website is used, and show you relevant advertising. If you want to learn more about the cookies we're using, make sure to check our Cookie policy
We use essential cookies to make our site work for you. These allow you to navigate and operate on our website.
We use performance cookies to understand how you interact with our site.They help us understand what content is most valued and how visitors move around the site, helping us improve the service we offer you.
We use marketing cookies to deliver ads we think you'll like.They allow us to measure the effectiveness of the ads that are relevant for you.