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MINISIS Database Architecture Written by Steve Kwan ( steve@minisisinc.com ) Page 2/6 Many-to-many relationships The most significant limitation in a hierarchical database structure is the inability to support many-to-many relationships. As seen in the diagram to the right, we can state that an item has more than one manufacturer, because we can make the manufacturer a repeating group. The screwdriver here was made by two organizations: ABC Inc. and DEF Inc. However, we cannot state that a manufacturer has made many items. That is, if ABC Inc. makes screwdrivers and hammers, we can only store information on the screwdriver. Referential integrity If we wanted to store information on the hammer, we would have to duplicate all of ABC Inc.’s information and copy it into a record for the hammer. This is known as a lack of referential integrity, and is a significant limitation in the database structure. Having to copy the same record to multiple areas of the database is inefficient and can cause serious data flaws if the records are changed.
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